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Here are eight simple methods to help you study grammar on your own.
1. Try to memorise as many words as possible
The primary basis of any language is words, which makes it easy to master grammar. Get a dictionary (or download one) and memorise as many words as possible. Use each new term as much as possible to help you remember it. Don't worry about grammar until you're confident in your ability to use the words you've learned and understand at least half of what you're hearing.
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2. Talk to people
A language makes you part of society. Trying to learn it without talking to other people is hard. Take any chance that comes to talk to people, even on the phone. You learn grammar as you listen to how other people use the words even if you do not know the rules. The more you hear the words correctly used, the more you learn.
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3. Watch and learn
The best way to learn grammar is to watch movies and television shows in the language you are interested in. For example, if you are interested in English, a good one to watch is “The Big Bang Theory,” especially the character of Sheldon Cooper, who unabashedly corrects anyone’s grammar on the show. However, take these movies and television shows with a pinch of salt as many use ungrammatical English!
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4. Ask for corrections
Most people do not like to tell you if you use a word incorrectly because they think you might get offended. Ask people to correct you when needed so that you can learn from your mistakes. When you have something edited and proofread, check it against your original document to see where you went wrong. Take note of all corrections and practice!
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5. Know the parts of speech
Now that you know many words, you should know how to use them in a sentence. You can do this by putting together all the words you know into parts of speech. You need to know this when learning grammar because the parts of speech will tell you how to use the word in a sentence. Listed below are the different parts of speech and their descriptions.
• Noun – is the name of a person, place, or thing. They can be proper nouns which are specific names such as Julie, Cambridge University, and iPhone, or common nouns or general terms such as girl, school, or smart phone.
• Pronoun – takes the place of a noun in a sentence. The types of pronouns are personal (he, she, it); possessive (mine, hers, his); reflexive (myself, herself, himself, itself); reciprocal (each other); relative (that, which, whom, whose); demonstrative (this, that); interrogative (who, what, when); and indefinite (anyone, anything, nothing, somebody).
• Adjective – describes a noun or pronoun, i.e. pretty girl, prestigious school, gray smart phone
• Article – a special adjective used to define a noun as definite (the) or indefinite (a/an)
• Verb – action word, i.e. jump, walk, speak, right, be
• Adverb – describes a verb, adjective, or another adverb, i.e. jump high, walk slowly, very pretty, highly prestigious school
• Conjunction – puts together two parts of a sentence, (and, or, but)
• Preposition – shows position or direction, used with a noun or pronoun, i.e., He went up the stairs. Other examples: Julie came from school.
When you make an effort to identify words as parts of speech all the time, you get a better idea of how the words come together in a sentence. It may seem like a lot of work, but if you do it often and long enough, it becomes automatic. You will not even think about it anymore.
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6. Look for patterns
You will notice patterns as you identify parts of speech in a sentence. Try to identify them without checking your grammar notes, and follow the patterns when you make your own sentences. You will see how your efforts have paid off so far. Note for Star Wars fans: the sentence patterns of Yoda may be grammatically correct for German, but not for English. Choose Obi Wan instead for your model.
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7. Practice verb forms
Conjugation or verb forms are one of the biggest challenges in learning grammar. Conjugating changes a verb in some way to tell you information about it. It can be time, person, number, aspect, voice, mood, or gender. You probably know about present, past, and future tense. These are conjugations of time.
There are two types of verbs when it comes to conjugation, regular and irregular. Regular verbs are easy because they follow a pattern. One example is the verb “bake.” To make the present form “bake” into the past, you simply add “d,” so the past tense is “baked.” For the future tense, you add the word “will” or “shall” before the verb, so “will bake” or “shall bake.” All verbs that follow this pattern are regular verbs.
You might have some problems when it comes to irregular verbs, though. There are no set rules, so you need to know how to conjugate each word. The past tense of “take,” for example, is not “taked” as you might think because it looks the same as “bake,” but the correct answer is in fact “took.” The past tense of “buy” is “bought,” while “run” is “ran.” and so on.
However, you can find the right verb form for a sentence even with irregular verbs. How? Practice, practice, practice. Go through a list of common verbs, conjugate them, and use them in a sentence.
8. Use an app
Although it may appear to be cheating, smartphone apps can assist you in learning grammar at any level. They are practical and simple to use. If you choose the appropriate ones, they will guide you through the entire process of learning grammar. Mobile apps provide you with functions that allow you to master grammar in whichever way you desire. Apps like Bilingua, which connects you with new acquaintances from all around the world to practise any language you desire, and apps like Grammarly, which teaches you grammar through a downloaded guide.
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