What is the Full Form of LoC, its history and background?

Full Form of LoC 

The Line of Control (LoC) is a military line of control in Jammu and Kashmir, controlled by India and Pakistan, and does not constitute a legally recognized border, but serves as a de facto border. It was established as part of the Shimla Accords at the end of the Indo-Pakistani War in 1971. Both sides agreed to rename the Armistice Line the "Line of Control" and promised to respect it without compromising their respective positions. The former monarchy's Indian territory is divided into the Union Territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh. The Pakistani-administered section is split between Azad Kashmir and Gilgit He Baltistan. The northernmost point of the line of control, known as NJ9842, beyond which lies the Siachen Glacier, became a point of contention in 1984. South of the Line of Control (Sangam, Chenab River, Akhnoor) is the border between Pakistan's Punjab and Jammu states and has an ambiguous status: India sees it as an 'international border', Pakistan sees it as called labor borders.'' Another ceasefire line separates the Indian-controlled state of Jammu and Kashmir from a Chinese-controlled area known as Aksay Chin. It is further east and is known as the Line of Actual Control (LAC). If you are preparing for competitive exams you can download our General Knowledge Free Ebook Download Now.

History and its background

After the partition of India, modern-day India and Pakistan contested the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir – India due to the ruler`s accession to the country, and Pakistan through distinctive features of the state's Muslim majority population. The First Kashmir War in 1947 lasted extra than 12 months till a ceasefire turned into organized via UN mediation. Both aspects agreed on a ceasefire line.  After some other Kashmir War in 1965, and the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 (which noticed Bangladesh grow to be independent), the simplest minor adjustments have been effected withinside the unique ceasefire line. In the following Simla Agreement in 1972, each international location agreed to transform the ceasefire line into a "Line of Control" (LoC) and look at it as a de facto border that armed motions have to now no longer violate. The settlement declared that "neither facet shall are searching for to adjust it unilaterally, regardless of mutual variations and prison interpretations". The United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP) had the function of investigating ceasefire violations (CFVs), but their function was reduced after 1971. In 2000, US President Bill Clinton cited the Indian subcontinent and the Kashmir Line of Control, in particular, as one of the maximum risky locations withinside the world.

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Posts

Reinforced sandbags and concrete posts and bunkers are part of the front line of defense along the LoC. Armed soldiers deployed enough supplies to these positions to last him for at least a week. In posts and bunkers, a soldier can sleep, cook and monitor enemy positions around the clock. Some posts are remote. Animals are sometimes used to help move loads, and several posts house animals. The dwellings and forward bunkers are some distance apart. Some of the post locations do not follow a pre-established plan, but are in locations used during the First Kashmir War and the subsequent Armistice Line, with minor adjustments made in 1972.
 

Intersections of the LoC

LoC intersection  (Near the intersection of Hajipur and Tattapani - Mendhar.) Pakistan and India formally designated five border crossings after the 2005 Kashmir earthquake. Chakoti Uri; Hajipur -Uri; Rawalakot-Poonch and Tattapani-Mendhar. According to Azad Jammu and the Kashmir Cross LoC Travel and Trade Authority Act of 2016, the following border crossings are listed:

• Rawalakot Pooch
• Chakothi- URI
• Chaliana-Tithwal
• Tatta Pani-Mendher
• Haji Peer Siri Kot

Trade points include Chakothi - Salamabad and Rawalakot (Titrinote) - Poonch (Chakkan-da-bagh). The regulation passed in 2011