NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Geography 2022-2023, Download PDF and Get preparation Tips

Unit 1: Human Geography: 

• Nature and Scope 

Unit 2: People

• The World Population- distribution, density and growth
• Population change – Components of population change, Demographic Transition
• Human development – concept; selected indicators, international comparisons

Unit 3: Human Activities (32 Periods)

• Primary activities – concept and changing trends; gathering, pastoral, mining, subsistence agriculture, modern agriculture; people engaged in agricultural and allied activities – some examples from selected countries
• Secondary activities- concept; manufacturing: types – household, small scale, large scale; agro based and mineral based industries;
• Tertiary activities – concept; trade, transport and tourism; services; people engaged in tertiary activities
• Quaternary activities- concept; people engaged in quaternary activities – case study from selected countries

Unit 4: Transport, Communication and Trade (26 Periods)

• Land transport – roads, railways; transcontinental railways Water transport- inland waterways; major ocean routes
• Air transport- Intercontinental air routes Oil and gas pipelines
• Satellite communication and cyber space importance and usage for geographical information; use of GPS
• International trade- bases and changing patterns; ports as gateways of international trade; role of WTO in international trade

Map Work on identification of features based on 1-5 units on theoutline Physical/Political map of World.  


Also read:
NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Hindi
NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Psychology
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NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Business Studies
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NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 History
NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Political Science
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NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Physics
NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry
NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Biology
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NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Physical Education
 

Part B: India: People and Economy

Unit 6: People (15 Periods)

• Population: distribution, density and growth
• Composition of population – linguistic, religious; sex, rural-urban and occupational-regional variations in growth of population

Unit 7: Human Settlements (10 Periods)

• Rural settlements – types and distribution
• Urban settlements – types, distribution and functional classification

Unit 8: Resources and Development (30 Periods)

• Land resources- general land use; agricultural land use; geographical conditions and distribution of major crops (Wheat, Rice, Tea, Coffee, Cotton, Jute, Sugarcane and Rubber); agricultural development and problems
• Water resources-availability and utilization irrigation, domestic, industrial and other uses; scarcity of water and conservation methods-rain water harvesting and watershed management
• Mineral and energy resources- distribution of metallic (Iron ore, Copper, Bauxite, Manganese); non-metallic (Mica, Salt) minerals; conventional (Coal, Petroleum, Natural gas and Hydroelectricity) and non-conventional energy sources (solar, wind, biogas) and conservation
• Planning in India- target group area planning (case study); idea of sustainable development (case study)

Unit 9: Transport, Communication and International Trade (15 Periods)

• Transport and communication-roads, railways, waterways and airways: oil and gas pipelines; Geographical information and communication net works
• International trade- changing pattern of India’s foreign trade; sea ports and their hinterland and airports

Unit 10: Geographical Perspective on selected issues and problems (15 Periods)

• Environmental pollution; urban-waste disposal
• Urbanization, rural-urban migration; problems of slums
• Land degradation

Map work on locating and labeling of features based on above units on outline map of India.  
 

NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Geography: PDF Download

NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Geography 2022-2023 PDF

 

NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Geography: Practical Work

Unit 1: Processing of Data and Thematic Mapping

• Type and Sources of data: Primary, Secondary and other sources
• Tabulating and processing of data; calculation of averages, measures of central tendency
• Representation of data- construction of diagrams: bars, circles and flowchart; thematic maps; construction of dot; choropleth and isopleths maps

Unit 2: Spatial Information Technology

• Introduction to GIS; hardware requirements and software modules; data formats; raster and vector data, data input, editing and topology building; data analysis; overlay and buffer.  

Prescribed books for the NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Geography

• Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Class XI, Published by NCERT
• India, Physical Environment, Class XI, Published by NCERT
• Practical Work in Geography Part I, Class XI, Published by NCERT
• Fundamentals of Human Geography, Class XII, Published by NCERT
• India – People and Economy, Class XII, Published by NCERT
• Practical Work in Geography Part II, Class XII, Published by NCERT

Preparation Tips for Class 12 Geography

• Students should start their preparation for Board exams after understanding the NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Geography. They should go through the syllabus thoroughly and understand the concepts.
• Candidates can use the reference books to practice more questions. 
• The most important thing is to analyze the concept and its major purpose.
• There are multiple topics in the NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Geography. Therefore, jot down the concepts you have covered and also the ones you haven't. 
• The smart study will be a cherry on the cake. 
• Solving previous year's question papers and sample papers for Cass 12th can help manage time.   

You can refer to the information given above for the NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Geography.