NCERT Class 8th Chapter - 9 : Reproduction

Updated Thu, 02 Jun 2022 12:58 AM IST

Highlights

If you are searching for notes on your chapter reproduction. Then this article is for you .You find everything about your chapter, So please read the complete article carefully.

What is reproduction?


Parents by actions giving rise to a new organism or children using their sex cells or gametes (Gametes) ‘is called sexual reproduction’ Symbol human cow dogs like fauna cat -These give birth to a child by the sexual reproduction mother and father by the action of giving rise to a new organism or children using their sex cells Gametes ‘is called sexual reproduction. Humans, fish, frogs, cats and dogs, give birth to children through all sexual reproduction.
  
Topic contain in the article
What is reproduction: introduction
What are egg and sperm
Female sex organs
Male Sex organs
Fertilization
Types of fertilization
Why does the amount of DNA double during the reproduction?
No of chromosomes
Benefit of reproduction

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What are Eggs and sperm?
 

Female sex organs


Some key elements to be included in sexual reproduction before the understanding of sexual reproduction. Including this sex, the female, the coupler (gamites), semen (sperm), egg (OVA or eggs), fertilization of the zygote and the fetus is required. An animal that has male sex cells callesex perm” in the body is called “male” and an animal whose body contains sexually cells, which are called “egg”, called “female”.
 

Male sex organs

 
A male sex cells of animals called "sperm" in the body called "male" and an animal whose body contains sex cells, which are called "ovum" called "female." Zygote. These are the cells that include sexual repthis sexual repf male gamete and female gamete. male gamete found in animals known as sperm and female gametes "egg". The female gametes or female cell is also known as the "egg" (Ovum). Ovum (egg) is the "plural egg" (eggs). The ovum or egg found in water and stored food. (nucleus) is an important part of the egg. egg or sperm are small hundreds or thousands of times the eggs and their long C-tails . The sperm are mobile and can move freely, with the help of its tail.
 

Fertilization:
 

Fertilization meet the male gamete of female gametes in the zygote during the said form of sexual reproduction sperm meets egg to create a sense zygote “design”. Zygote is also called “fertilized egg” or “fertilized egg. It evolved zygote is clearly a new baby. Zygote stage and the newly created development in infants is called “fetus”.
 

Types of fertilization in Animals:
 

 If fertilization occurs in the internal and external fertilization said female body “internal fertilization” Such fertilization in humans, occurs in birds and reptiles, mammals etc. The infusion will be of the female body is called external fertilization “ As fertilization amphibious creatures such as frogs, toads and fish.
 
    A method for separately developing a whole organism is growing, the zygote (zygote) vary among animals. Zygote humans (zygote) grows as the spirals and baby in the female body and delivered a baby. Cats, the birth of baby Kitten, animals such as dogs, etc., but the birds lay eggs which is very different. For example, chicken is sitting on them after their eggs to get to the heat, take the chicks grow zygote. After this layer of broken egg chicken. Therefore, the development , like all living beings are not born child.
 

  Why does the amount of DNA double during sexual reproduction?
 

   The number of gametes doubles during sexual reproduction. They have the same DNA as in half the amount compared to normal physiological cells of an organism, or half the number of chromosomes. Thus, with the male gametes of the female gametes during sexual reproduction, so that the amount of DNA in the new “zygote” cell is normal. Human have 23 chromosomes, 23 chromosomes and human sperm cell egg, and then receives 23 + 23 = 46 chromosomes that are formed normal number of chromosomes.
 

Process step by step:
 

    This happens in the following steps....
 
    • used to produce male gametes or sperm of a male component and a long tail that flagellum to accelerate the sperm is (Flagellum).
    • egg, the egg or female gamete produced by the female parent, which is a larger cell that semen. There is a large amount of cytoplasm .
    • enters the egg or sperm and eggs together create a new cell called the zygote . This process is called “fertilization”. Therefore zygote “fertilized egg.
    • The construction of the cell number by dividing zygote is then repeated, and eventually became the new baby.
 

Benefits of fertilization in Animals:
 

 Many advantages of sexual reproduction. Having a child born in the asexual reproduction is almost the same as their parents, because once their genes parents. Although more genetic modification is not possible. It is a kind of injury, because it inhibits the growth of organisms. Although children of sexual reproduction are like their parents, but they do not at all like you like it or another. The reason is that some genes of aging and certain genes to father children. So mix of genes is different creates different combinations. This is why genetic diversity in the offspring. And brings the diversity of sexual reproduction species and can be quickly adapted to changes in its environment.
 
   We can say that sexual reproduction promotes diversity in the characteristics of the offspring ensure genetic diversity. Sexual reproduction is also an important role in the development of new varieties with different characteristics to play. This genetic diversity is developing better and better kind of life that asexual reproduction is impossible.

Q1-What is reproduction?

Answer -Reproduction is the production of offspring. There are two main forms: sexual and asexual reproduction. In sexual reproduction, an organism combines the genetic information from each of its parents and is genetically unique. In asexual reproduction, one parent copies itself to form a genetically identical offspring.

Q2-How do I reproduce?

Answer -It typically involves sexual intercourse between a sexually mature male and female. During sexual intercourse, the interaction between the male and female reproductive systems results in fertilization of the woman's ovum by the man's sperm.

Q3-What are the purpose of the reproduction?

Answer -Reproduction, process by which organisms replicate themselves. In a general sense reproduction is one of the most important concepts in biology: it means making a copy, a likeness, and thereby providing for the continued existence of species.

Q4-What are 6the result of reproduction?

Answer- Reproduction (or procreation or breeding) is the biological process by which new individual organisms – "offspring" – are produced from their "parent" or parents. Reproduction is a fundamental feature of all known life; each individual organism exists as the result of reproduction.

Q5-What is the reproduction in biology?

Answer -Reproduction is the production of offspring. There are two main forms: sexual and asexual reproduction. In sexual reproduction, an organism combines the genetic information from each of its parents and is genetically unique. In asexual reproduction, one parent copies itself to form a genetically identical offspring.

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