NCERT PDF | Geography | Class 12
Fundamentals of Human geography
Chapter: 8
Transport and Communication
Geography textbooks for Class 12 are published by the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT). The NCERT Class 12th Geography textbooks are renowned for their extensively reviewed and updated curriculum.
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NCERT Class 12 Geography Fundamentals of human geography Chapter: 8 PDF
On this page, you can read or download Chapter 8 Transport and Communication of the NCERT Book for Class 12 Geography. Students in Class 12 or preparing for any exam based on Class 12 Geography might use the NCERT Book to supplement their studies. When you don't have access to a physical copy, digital NCERT Books Class 12 Geography pdf are always useful.
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About Chapter : 8 Transport and Communication
This chapter will explain students concepts such as transport, modes of transport which includes modes of transport, roads, highways, border roads, railways, trans-continental railways, trans- Siberia railway, trans- Canadian railway, the union and pacific railway, the Australian trans- continental railway and orient express. The chapter also includes water transportation, Important sea routes, inland waterways, the Rhine waterways, Air transport, pipelines and transportation.
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Important Question from chapter 8 : Transport and Communication
Important Question from chapter 8 : Transport and Communication
Q-What are the modes by which cyber space will expand the contemporary economic and social space of humans?
A- The telephone and the telegraph were two significant long-distance communication tools utilised by humans. The American West was colonised in large part because to the telegraph. The telephone played a significant role in America's urbanisation. The telephone is still the most widely utilised modality nowadays. Cell phone use, made possible by satellites, is crucial for rural connectivity in developing nations. Optic fibre lines soon replaced the outdated copper cable systems used throughout the world. These make it possible to send huge amounts of data safely, quickly, and almost error-free. The internet, which connects approximately a billion individuals in more than a hundred nations, is currently the world's largest electronic network.
Today, it is possible to connect even the most remote parts of the world with artificial satellites that have been safely launched into Earth's orbit with little on-site verification. Due to them, the unit cost and communication time are now independent of distance. The domain of electronic, digital space is known as cyberspace. The Internet, including the World Wide Web, encloses it (www). In layman's terms, it is the electronic digital world used for information access or communication across computer networks when neither the transmitter nor the receiver must move physically. The Internet is another name for it. Everywhere has a cyberspace. It might be anyplace, including an office, a boat, a plane, etc.
Less than 50 million people used the Internet in 1995, 400 million did so in 2000 AD, and over one billion did so in 2005. By 2010, the following billion users will be added.
Cyberspace will increase the current economic and social space of people as more and more people utilise the Internet for e-mail, e-commerce, e-learning, and e-governance. More and more individuals will have access to the internet, along with fax, television, and radio, regardless of location or time. More than transportation, it is these modern communication systems that have brought the idea of the global community to life.
