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According to the development of the discipline and changing societal demands, the mathematics syllabus has experienced periodic adjustments. The senior secondary stage serves as a launching point for students who want to pursue careers in engineering, physical and biological science, business, computer applications, or higher levels of academic study in mathematics. In order to address the changing requirements of students in all categories, CBSE Class 12 Maths syllabus 2022-23 has been updated. Greater focus has been placed on the application of various principles, with themes drawn from other subject areas and real-world problems.
Check the Latest CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2022-23
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Unit-I: Relations and Functions
1. Relations and Functions (15 Periods)
Types of relations: reflexive, symmetric, transitive and equivalence relations. One to one and onto functions.
2. Inverse Trigonometric Functions (15 Periods)
Definition, range, domain, principal value branch. Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions.
Unit-II: Algebra
1. Matrices (25 Periods)
Concept, notation, order, equality, types of matrices, zero and identity matrix, transpose of a matrix, symmetric and skew symmetric matrices. Operation on matrices: Addition and multiplication and multiplication with a scalar. Simple properties of addition, multiplication and scalar multiplication. Oncommutativity of multiplication of matrices and existence of non-zero matrices whose product is the zero matrix (restrict to square matrices of order 2). Invertible matrices and proof of the uniqueness of inverse, if it exists; (Here all matrices will have real entries).
2. Determinants 25 Periods
Determinant of a square matrix (up to 3 x 3 matrices), minors, co-factors and applications of determinants in finding the area of a triangle. Adjoint and inverse of a square matrix. Consistency, inconsistency and number of solutions of system of linear equations by examples, solving system of linear equations in two or three variables (having unique solution) using inverse of a matrix.
Unit-III: Calculus
1. Continuity and Differentiability (20 Periods)
Continuity and differentiability, chain rule, derivative of inverse trigonometric functions, 𝑙𝑖𝑘𝑒 sin−1 𝑥 , cos−1 𝑥 and tan−1 𝑥, derivative of implicit functions. Concept of exponential and logarithmic functions. Derivatives of logarithmic and exponential functions. Logarithmic differentiation, derivative of functions expressed in parametric forms. Second order derivatives.
2. Applications of Derivatives (10 Periods)
Applications of derivatives: rate of change of bodies, increasing/decreasing functions, maxima and minima (first derivative test motivated geometrically and second derivative test given as a provable tool). Simple problems (that illustrate basic principles and understanding of the subject as well as reallife situations).
3. Integrals (20 Periods)
Integration as inverse process of differentiation.
Integration of a variety of functions by substitution, by partial fractions and by parts, Evaluation of simple integrals of the following types and problems based on them.
Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (without proof). Basic properties of definite integrals and evaluation of definite integrals.
4. Applications of the Integrals (15 Periods)
Applications in finding the area under simple curves, especially lines, circles/ parabolas/ellipses (in standard form only)
5. Differential Equations (15 Periods)
Definition, order and degree, general and particular solutions of a differential equation.
Solution of differential equations by method of separation of variables, solutions of homogeneous differential equations of first order and first degree.
Solutions of linear differential equation of the type:
Unit-IV: Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry
1. Vectors (15 Periods)
Vectors and scalars, magnitude and direction of a vector. Direction cosines and direction ratios of a vector. Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero, parallel and collinear vectors), position vector of a point, negative of a vector, components of a vector, addition of vectors, multiplication of a vector by a scalar, position vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio. Definition, Geometrical Interpretation, properties and application of scalar (dot) product of vectors, vector (cross) product of vectors.
2. Three - dimensional Geometry (15 Periods)
Direction cosines and direction ratios of a line joining two points. Cartesian equation and vector equation of a line, skew lines, shortest distance between two lines. Angle between two lines.
Unit-V: Linear Programming
1. Linear Programming (20 Periods)
Introduction, related terminology such as constraints, objective function, optimization, graphical method of solution for problems in two variables, feasible and infeasible regions (bounded or unbounded), feasible and infeasible solutions, optimal feasible solutions (up to three non-trivial constraints).
Unit-VI: Probability
1. Probability 30 (Periods)
Conditional probability, multiplication theorem on probability, independent events, total probability, Bayes’ theorem, Random variable and its probability distribution, mean of random variable.
Internal Assessment - 20 MARKS
- Periodic Tests ( Best 2 out of 3 tests conducted) 10 Marks
- Mathematics Activities 10 Marks
CBSE Class 12 Mathematics Question Paper Design (Code No. 041) 2022-2023:
Conduct of Periodic Tests:
Periodic Test is a Pen and Paper assessment which is to be conducted by the respective subject teacher. The format of periodic test must have questions items with a balance mix, such as, very short answer (VSA), short answer (SA) and long answer (LA) to effectively assess the knowledge, understanding, application, skills, analysis, evaluation and synthesis. Depending on the nature of subject, the subject teacher will have the liberty of incorporating any other types of questions too. The modalities of the PT are as follows:
a) Mode: The periodic test is to be taken in the form of pen-paper test.
b) Schedule: In the entire Academic Year, three Periodic Tests in each subject may be conducted as follows:
This is only a suggestive schedule and schools may conduct periodic tests as per their convenience. The winter bound schools would develop their own schedule with similar time gaps between two consecutive tests.
c) Average of Marks: Once schools complete the conduct of all the three periodic tests, they will convert the weightage of each of the three tests into ten marks each for identifying best two tests. The best two will be taken into consideration and the average of the two shall be taken as the final marks for PT.
d) The school will ensure simple documentation to keep a record of performance as suggested in detail circular no.Acad-05/2017.
e) Sharing of Feedback/Performance: The students’ achievement in each test must be shared with the students and their parents to give them an overview of the level of learning that has taken place during different periods. Feedback will help parents formulate interventions (conducive ambience, support materials, motivation and morale-boosting) to further enhance learning. A teacher, while sharing the feedback with student or parent, should be empathetic, non- judgmental and motivating. It is recommended that the teacher share the best examples/performances of IA with the class to motivate all learners.
Assessment of Activity Work:
Throughout the year any 10 activities shall be performed by the student from the activities given in the NCERT Laboratory Manual for the respective class (XI or XII) which is available on the link: http://www.ncert.nic.in/exemplar/labmanuals.htmla record of the same may be kept by the student. An year end test on the activity may be conducted.
The weightage are as under:
- The activities performed by the student throughout the year and record keeping : 5 marks
- Assessment of the activity performed during the year end test: 3 marks
- Viva-voce: 2 marks
Prescribed Books:
- Mathematics Part I - Textbook for Class XII, NCERT Publication
- Mathematics Part II - Textbook for Class XII, NCERT Publication
- Mathematics Exemplar Problem for Class XII, Published by NCERT
- Mathematics Lab Manual class XII, published by NCERT
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